Clinical Relevance: Surgical Incisions in Abdominal Wall
Vertical Incisions Median An incision that is made through the linea alba. It can be extended the whole length of the abdomen, by curving around the umbilicus. The linea alba is poorly vascularised, so blood loss is minimal, and major nerves are avoided. All can be used in any procedure that requires access to the abdominal cavity. Median Similar to the median incision, but is performed laterally to the linea alba, providing access to more lateral structures (kidney, spleen and adrenals). This method ligates the blood and nerve supply to muscles medial to the incision, resulting in their atrophy. Transverse Incisions Transverse This incision is made just inferior and laterally to the umbilicus. This is a commonly used procedure, as it causes least damage to the nerve supply to the abdominal muscles, and heals well. The incised rectus abdominis heals producing a new tendinous intersection. It is used in operations on the colon, duodenum and pancreas. Suprapubic (Pfannenstiel) Suprapubic incisions are made 5cm superior to the pubis symphysis. They are used when access to the pelvic organs is needed. When performing this incision, care must be taken not the perforate the bladder (especially if it is not catheterised), as the fascia thins around the bladder area. Subcostal This incision starts inferior to the xiphoid process, and extends inferior parallel to the costal margin. It is mainly used on the right side to operate on the gall bladder, and on the left to operate on the spleen. McBurney This is a ‘grid iron’ incision, because it consists of two perpendicular lines, splitting the fibres of the muscles without cutting them – this allows for excellent healing. McBurney incision is performed at McBurney’s point (1/3 of the distance between the ASIS and the umbilicus). It is mostly used in appendectomies. https://teachmeanatomy.info.com
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31/10/2018 0 Comments The nine regions of the abdominalSurface AnatomyThe abdominal cavity contains numerous organs – many of which can be palpated through the abdominal wall, or their position can be visualised by surface markings.
The umbilicus is the most visible structure of the abdominal wall, and is the scar of the site of attachment of the umbilical cord. It is usually located midway between the xiphoid process and the pubis symphysis. The rectus abdominis muscle gives rise to abdominal markings. The lateral border of this muscle is indicated by the linea semilunaris, a curved line running from the 9th rib to the pubic tubercle. The linea alba is a fibrous line that splits the rectus abdominis into two. It is visible as a vertical groove extending inferiorly from the xiphoid process. The abdomen is a large area, and so it split into nine regions – these are useful clinically for describing the location of pain, location of viscera and describing surgical procedures. The nine regions are formed by two horizontal and two vertical planes:
Building her strength New mum need to building her strength after child birth. The postpartum period begins after the delivery of the baby and ends when the mother's body has nearly returned to its pre-pregnant state. This period usually lasts six to eight weeks.
The postpartum period involves the mother progressing through many changes, both emotionally and physically, while learning how to deal with all the changes and adjustments required with becoming a new mother. The postpartum period also involves the parents learning how to care for their newborn and learning how to function as a changed family unit. A mother needs to take good care of herself to rebuild her strength. You will need plenty of rest, good nutrition, and help during the first few weeks. Well Rest MamaEvery new parent soon learns that babies have different time clocks than adults. A typical newborn awakens about every three hours and needs to be fed, changed, and comforted. Especially if this is their first baby, parents in particular the mother can become overwhelmed by exhaustion. Although a solid eight hours of sleep for you may not happen again for several months, the following suggestions may be helpful in finding ways to get more rest now.
The weight gained in pregnancy helps build stores for your recovery and for breastfeeding. After delivery, all mothers need to eat well so that they can be healthy and active and able to care for their baby. Whether they breastfeed or formula feed, all mothers need to eat a healthy and balanced diet. Most lactation experts recommend that breastfeeding mothers should eat when they are hungry. But many mothers may be so tired or busy that food gets forgotten. So, it is essential to plan simple and healthy meals, healthy diet, eat a variety of foods with the right amount of calories and fat. for mum. Five food group categories, emphasizing the nutritional intake of the following:
Exercise and everyday physical activity should also be included with a healthy dietary plan. Consult with your GP when you should start your exercise. Although most mothers want to lose their pregnancy weight, extreme dieting and rapid weight loss can be hazardous to your health and to your baby's if you are breastfeeding. It can take several months for a mother to lose the weight she gained during pregnancy. This can be accomplished by cutting out high-fat snacks and concentrating on a diet with plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits, balanced with proteins and carbohydrates. Exercise also helps burn calories and tone muscles and limbs. Along with balanced meals, breastfeeding mothers should increase fluids. Many mothers find they become very thirsty while the baby is nursing. Water, milk, and fruit juices are excellent choices. It is helpful to keep a pitcher of water and even some healthy snacks beside your bed or breastfeeding chair. Consult your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian if you want to learn more about postpartum nutrition. Certified lactation consultants can also help with advice about nutrition while breastfeeding. Help for new parentsNew as well as experienced parents soon realize that babies require a lot of work. Meeting the constant needs of a newborn involves time and energy and often takes parents away from other responsibilities in the home. Although many parents do fine on their own, having someone else helping with the household responsibilities usually makes the adjustment to a new baby easier. Parents can concentrate on the needs of mother and baby, rather than the laundry or dirty dishes. Helpers can be family, friends, or a paid home care provider. A family member such as the new baby's grandmother or aunt may be able to come for a few days or longer. Home care providers offer a variety of services, from nursing care of the new mother and baby to housekeeping and care of other children. Whoever you decide to have as helpers, be sure to make clear all the things you expect them to do. Communication is important in preventing hurt feelings or misunderstandings when emotions are fragile these first few weeks. It is generally best for the new mother to be relieved of all responsibilities except the feeding and care of herself and her baby. This is especially important if she is breastfeeding. Others should assume the chores in the home such as cooking, cleaning, laundry, and grocery shopping. This will help the new mother take care of herself, and keep her from limiting her time with her baby. Postpartum care comes in a form of Confinement nanny service, Doula, Massage and body care postnatal - www.oranicsmum.weebly.com Love and Look after yourself well mama. Postnatal Massage and Body Treatment for New MumGiving birth is an amazing achievement in a life time of woman and every mum responds in her own way. Our body has spent months nurturing and growing baby, having baby changes the body. The beginning of the postnatal period which without a doubt is very critical not only for you as a new mum but also for the baby. For the mum, this is the time to recuperate and get your body back to normal and it’s not easy especially considering the numerous, remarkable changes your body went through as well as the experience of giving birth. The postnatal period marks a time when different efforts should be put in place to help the mother recover quickly, safely and effectively. The postnatal period is however not only important for recovery but also a good time for bonding between the mother and the baby. The welfare of the mother is however very important and postnatal massage and body care could play a very important role in accelerating recovery and making life more relaxed. Postnatal massage like regular massage does help deal with stress, pain and aches thus helping the mother to focus more clearly and provide the needed attention to the baby. Postnatal massage is bodywork incorporate with holistic body treatment specifically designed for new mums. The aim of this treatment is to help new mum to recover after delivery and deal with different changes that occur in the body. Right from the first few weeks, every new mum experiences major changes in the body, emotions and psychologically. Things are not made easier also during the delivery and within the next weeks that follow, the new mum has to go through a healing process to deal with internal scars in the uterus and other parts as well. This process is gradual and will cause new mum to experience some cramps which could range from mild to severe. The new mum also experiences stress, body pains, aches and anxiety and these are common as a result of the new responsibilities of taking care of the newborn, family and adjusting to her new life. " Everything changes big time but with postnatal massage and body treatment, the new mum can see the troubles alleviated and the process of healing hastened. This body treatment targets the entire body and it should be administered by a certified massage practitioner if the right results are to be achieved. Done properly, full body treatment will help reduce stress, make mum relaxed while at the same time improving your breastfeeding experience among other things" Benefit from Bodywork:Main Benefits of Postnatal Massage and body treatment for new mums. It’s an effective, traditional practice that is aimed to effectively and safely enhance speedy recovery and also improve the health of new mums. This practice has been practice for many years. Below are some main benefits of postnatal body treatment: 1. RELAX During the massage, the body releases a substance known as endorphins. These are natural feel-good hormones and painkillers which help in lowering of stress hormones. Endorphins also help in fighting against stress and depression, something that is very common with many new mums. Many new mums experience temporary depression after giving birth with a small percentage having to deal with serious cases of depression. Postnatal massage and full body treatment helps the body and mind to relax, the soothing effects of the massage will definitely leave you relaxed. 2. HEALING The process puts extensive pressure on the woman’s body and post birth massage helps greatly in dealing with these effects. The massage will help the body recover from muscle tensions and sore spots on mums who go through natural birth and those who undergo C-section. The massage should be done by a certified masseuse who knows the kind of pressure and proper techniques to be applied on different areas to avoid any complications. Body treatment and full body massage also improves the circulation of lymph while at the same time enhancing the process of eliminating excessive fluids and body waste. 3. RESTFUL Fatigue can really affect the new mums’ sleep. Every new mother needs to enjoy deep, restful sleep whenever they are not taking care of the baby or other chores around them. Body treatment and massage, will kick off and stripped away fatigue. The body and mind rested thus helping them to sleep better. 4. IMPROVES BREASTFEEDING During the massage, the body releases oxytocin which in return helps in the regulation of the levels of lactation hormone known as prolactin. An experienced therapist will massage the chest muscles gently and this helps unblock any closed up ducts, loosen any harden areas and clumps as well. It also helps increase milk production and circulation while relieving breasts of any pain or soreness. Postnatal massage should, however, be combined with other aspects of therapy such as physiotherapy, chiropractic including diet and exercises. Abdominal BindingBelly binders or tummy binders helps in support the abdominal muscles after birth. Choose the belly binder that suits you and use it to achieve full benefits. It can be an important part of recovering from childbirth. Using cotton, muslin, or silk fabric your abdomen is wrapped snuggly in order to support your body’s natural healing process. Belly binding has traditionally been used to provide the postpartum body the support to assist the abdominal wall muscle retraction, improves posture, support loosened ligaments and provide support to the torso while vital organs return to their pre-pregnancy size possible and position. BENEFITS OF BELLY BINDING
Q&As
If you’re eating a healthy diet, engaging in regular activity and use a tummy binder/ belly binder, you can get your pre pregnancy body back on track.
Eat nutritious foods: Avoid processed foods and junk foods will cause gain fat around stomach. Include fruits, veggies and grains in your diet. These foods provide you with lots of nutrients, which will make you healthier and lose baby weight. Exercise your whole body: Check with your doctor before engaging in any workout program after giving birth. Generally after 6 weeks of surgery, it is advisable to begin abdominal exercise to give your body time to heal from the surgery. Walking is one of the simplest ways to ease into a fitness routine after giving birth.
The best way to feel and look better postnatal after child birth after 5 months+ is to exercise, on a proper diet. Special massage techniques and body treatment such as body shaping and practice abdominal binding would be the best option to consider visit www.bodyshapingau.com.au/ Instagram www.instagram.com/body.shaping.au/ If you are looking to reduce the tummy size, improve your strength and speedy recovery post baby, you can also visit website www.organicsmum.weebly.com , Instagram www.instagram.com/theorganicnewmum/ Facebook Group www.facebook.com/groups/theorganicnewmum/ 4/2/2018 0 Comments Ginger drinkThe water with ginger is really effective in the stimulation of burning fat in the body and it is helping you to get slimmer and fit on a totally natural way. This potion is really useful to stimulate the burning of the fat on the arms, belly, thighs, hips which are the most difficult areas for losing weight. Ginger water, not only will help you lose weight, it also has a lot of benefits for your health. Some of these are:
Lowers the blood pressure that is high – drink ginger water regularly and that will help you in the reduction of the high blood pressure and it will help you stop the forming of blood clots. Antioxidant – ginger water has a power to kill the free radical in the body and it will prevent them from damaging the tissue and the organ. It is reducing the levels of cholesterol – this potion reduces the high levels of cholesterol and it is preventing diseases connected to high cholesterol. Effective for infection- It is very effective for a lot of diseases that are infectious and it is good to fight the inflammation. Actually, it reduces the risk of pain in the joint. Anti –inflammatory properties – It stops the inflammations and it is helps you to fight cancer of all types. Other positive effects from ginger water: ภimproves the circulation Zinc and magnesium are present in ginger and they are crucial for a good circulation and blood flow. Ginger also stops the accumulation of the cholesterol in the liver and protects it from many diseases. It makes you sweat less and it lowers high fever. -Improve the absorption of the nutrients If you drink ginger water regularly the body will have the necessary nutrients and it is improving the absorption of the nutrients. That is because it is stimulating the production of the stomach bile. If you are losing your appetite, all you need to do is to chew ginger before you eat and this will help you. Help with the flu Because of its expectorant property, which is very useful, it offers protection from flu and common cold. Ginger water is helping your immune system and helps you to stop coughing and reduces the inflammations. Improves the digestion Ginger is improving the absorption of the nutrient thus is improving the digestion. It is calming the irritated stomach and it is eliminating the indigestion and the flatulence. It is boosting the immune system As it was mentioned, the ginger is improving the immune system and it is protecting your organism from different chronic diseases and infections. It is giving excellent results in the fight against common cold and flu and it is protecting you from bacteria. Ginger water is also reducing the risk of having a stroke. It is alleviating the pain in the joints The ginger is soothing the pain in the joints and it is reducing the inflammations because it has anti-inflammatory properties. Recipe for ginger water: • Ginger • Lemon juice • 1.5 ltrs Water • Honey Preparation Boil the water and put the ginger in it. Leave the mixture to simmer about fifteen minutes and then put it somewhere to cool it off. You should strain the mixture and put it in a glass. Then you can put the lemon and Honey your choice. |
Q & AContraindication for a postnatal / postpartum massage?
A massage will not be performed with: |